Individuals suffering from psoriatic arthritis (PsA) may have heard about acupuncture as a potential method for managing pain and enhancing quality of life. Acupuncture, an ancient Eastern medicine practice involving the insertion of fine needles along specific body pathways, has been utilized for centuries. However, scientific evidence regarding its effectiveness for PsA remains limited.
Evaluating Acupuncture for Joint Pain
Research on the specific effects of acupuncture on psoriatic arthritis is sparse. One case report documented a patient with PsA who experienced reduced swelling and stiffness, increased range of motion, and alleviated pain in her fingers after receiving various complementary treatments, including acupuncture.
Dr. Brett Martin, a professor at the National University of Health Sciences in St. Petersburg, FL, has observed benefits in PsA patients treated with acupuncture, both with and without medication. “In both cases, I have seen patients benefit from acupuncture care,” Martin stated.
Dr. Elizabeth Schulman, a rheumatologist at the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York City, also supports acupuncture as a complementary treatment for PsA. “Acupuncture can be very useful from a pain standpoint,” she said.
The Journal of Chiropractic Medicine suggests acupuncture might help normalize the immune system by controlling inflammatory cytokines. This is supported by a review of studies on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), another immune-related disease, which found that acupuncture reduced joint pain and inflammation. Additionally, a meta-analysis of animal studies revealed that acupuncture increased pain tolerance and reduced swelling in arthritic animals.
Mechanisms of Acupuncture in Treating Psoriatic Arthritis
Dr. Martin explains that acupuncture may alleviate PsA symptoms through various mechanisms, including inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, which is targeted by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). “Acupuncture can also reduce inflammation by suppressing the transcription factor NF-kB and decreasing inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, C-reactive protein, and IL-6,” Martin noted. Furthermore, acupuncture improves circulation, reduces abnormal lymphocyte production, and increases endorphins and enkephalins, which help in pain reduction.
Optimal Acupuncture Points for Psoriatic Arthritis
Licensed acupuncturist Jacqueline von Voss from Chestertown, MD, emphasizes that acupuncture should be part of a comprehensive health care approach for those with moderate to severe PsA. “Acupuncture is a component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which seeks to balance the whole person at multiple levels: emotionally, physically, and energetically,” she explained.
Common acupuncture points for chronic pain and inflammation in PsA patients include:
- TW5: Back of the forearm
- P6: Inner side of the wrist
- SI16: Side of the neck
- DU20: Top of the head
- Yin Tang: Between the eyebrows
- Ear points such as Shen Men: Upper ear
Systemic analgesic points include:
- ST36: Shin
- LI4: Between the thumb and index finger
- LIV3: Top of the foot near the big toe
- GB34: Side of the leg
Risks and Considerations
Dr. Schulman reports minimal risks associated with acupuncture but cautions that there is no conclusive evidence it can prevent the progression of PsA. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain regular consultations with a rheumatologist while using acupuncture as a complementary treatment. Lifestyle modifications such as weight management and diet should also be part of the overall treatment plan.
Finding an Acupuncture Practitioner
For those interested in integrating acupuncture into their treatment plan, von Voss recommends finding a nationally board-certified acupuncturist. The NCCAOM national directory is a useful resource for locating qualified practitioners.
Cost of Acupuncture
The cost of acupuncture varies depending on factors such as clinic volume, appointment length, practitioner experience, and region. Follow-up sessions typically range from $85 to $165, with initial consultations often costing more. Insurance coverage for acupuncture varies by plan and provider, and some clinics offer private pay options with reimbursement documentation.
Conclusion
While more research is needed to confirm the benefits of acupuncture specifically for psoriatic arthritis, existing studies suggest it can help with pain, inflammation, and joint mobility. Given its minimal risks, acupuncture might be a worthwhile addition to a comprehensive treatment plan for PsA. Dr. Schulman advises keeping an open mind to all available treatments that complement traditional medical approaches.
